What Are Oncolytic Viruses - 1225 Words

What are Oncolytic Viruses? Oncolytic viruses are viruses that are either genetically manufactured or naturally made, that can kill cancer cells without affecting normal cells. The virus rapidly multiplies until the cancerous cell explodes. This releases the virus, tumor specific agents, and GM-CSF. This causes the immune system to recognize cancerous cells and fight them with the help of the virus. Who/When Was it Developed? The uses of viruses to treat cancer have been talked about since the 1900’, but only due to the recent advances in microbiology, immunology, and virology, have we been able to understand how it reduces the size of cancerous tumors. One of the earliest recorded cases of viruses killing cancer was in 1896. A 42-year-old woman just recovering from influenza, when the doctors realized that her cancer was going into remission. â€Å"Dock described a 42-year-old woman with myelogenous leukemia that went into remission after a presumed influenza infection. The report was made in 1896; 37 years before it was determined that influenza was a virus infection. The woman had a greatly enlarged liver and spleen, which shrank to nearly normal size, and a grossly elevated leukocyte count, which dropped more than 70-fold after the infection.† (Elizabeth Kelly and Stephen J Russell, 13 February 2007) Since then other cases like this one have been reported but due to the limited knowledge of virology at the time, no one understood why this was happening. In another caseShow MoreRelatedGenetic Engineering And Its Effects On Cancer Essay1818 Words   |  8 Pagescells has been documented as early as the 1900s. Recently scientists have been able to manipulate the genetic structure of viruses so we can use them to treat cancer safely. This recent breakthrough is known as genetic engineering. Genetic engineering is a new technology that allows scientists to reprogram viruses to infect and destroy cancer cells. Genetically modified viruses prove to be advantageous in treating cancer and illustrates a promising and effective treatment for cancer patients becauseRead MoreCauses And Treatment Of Pancreatic Cancer2511 Words   |  11 Pagesrapid proliferation, late diagnosis and lack of treatment options available. New therapy aiming to decrease mortality in pancreatic cancer patients ai m to work with oncolytic viruses to halt the cell cycle pathway. One of the more promising mutations is the E1A-CR2-deleted AD5 mutants however there are many different types of mutated viruses aimed at treating pancreatic cancer. Effectiveness of therapy depends on an analysis of cell cultures and in vivo in terms of type of mutation, effectiveness ofRead MoreSeneca Valley Virus : Past Perspectives And Future Directions Essay1970 Words   |  8 PagesOncolytic Seneca Valley Virus: past perspectives and future directions This article covers the Seneca Valley Virus (SVV-001) as a hopeful for an oncolytic treatment of certain cancer types. More specifically those with neuroendocrine properties such as rhabdomyosarcoma, Wilms tumor, glioblastoma, neuroblastoma, and adult small-cell lung cancer. Each of which effect smooth/skeletal muscle cells, kidneys/adrenal glands (mainly in children), astrocytes of the brain, nerve cells of a fetus, and lungRead MoreThe Common Viral Vectors Of Gene Therapy3198 Words   |  13 Pages To what extent are retroviral, adenoviral, and adeno-associated viral vectors effective in transferring and integrating therapeutic genes? Sunya Kedir Extended Essay 15 December 2015 Abstract This investigation will examine the common viral vectors that are used in gene therapy: retrovirus, adenovirus, and adeno-associated virus. It will assess the form in which the virus carries genetic material (RNA or DNA), the genetic capacity (in kilobases), the genome organization of theRead MoreCancer And Its Effects On Cancer1577 Words   |  7 Pagescells, but how can it be stopped? That is the question. There are a number of treatments for this disease. There are the traditional treatments: chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. There are also nontraditional treatments such as the use of oncolytic viruses, acupuncture, and the targeting of matrices. Aside from these treatments, are some other treatments that have recently been on the rise: personalized medicine, targeted therapy, and stereotactic radiosurgery. However, despite the number ofRead MoreBreast Cancer Care And Research3372 Words   |  14 Pagescells, but how can it be stopped? That is the question. There are a n umber of treatments for this disease. There are the traditional treatments: chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. There are also nontraditional treatments such as the use of oncolytic viruses, acupuncture, and the targeting of matrices. Aside from these treatments, are some other treatments that have recently been on the rise: personalized medicine, targeted therapy, and stereotactic radiosurgery. However, despite the number ofRead MoreDr. Jennifer Chan, The Head Of This Tumor Research1132 Words   |  5 Pagesexperimental mice. They suspect that human testing will be able to start in the next few years, and this research is going to increasing the average lifespans of brain cancer patients approximately from 10 years to 20 years. Method All in all, what they are interested is to examine the interaction of growth factor signaling and how transcription factor determines cell fate and rapid cell growth in early neural developments, so techniques such as somatic transgenesis, stem cell culturing, experimentalRead MoreCase Study : Newcastle Disease Virus2185 Words   |  9 Pagesand there were some chickens that were even gasping for air. He even saw a few with a twisted neck and paralysis as well. He had seen these signs in a few cases before. The inspector had a strong feeling it was Newcastle disease. While thinking of what other diseases this might possibly be, only a few crossed Joe’s mind. Joe knows Diseases such as infectious coryza, infectious laryngotracheitis, infectious bronchitis, and chronic respiratory disease all present similar symptoms. Then he saw someRead MoreA Research On The Myeloid Leukemia4925 Words   |  20 Pagesthem had blood that was thicker and speckled. Later, German physician Rudolf Virchow named this disease â€Å"leukemia.† He realized that AML caused a problem with patients’ white blood cells, cells in our blood that help us fight off bad things like viruses and bacteria (News-Medical.net). On a basic level, cells in the bones stop working correctly. Bad cells form which crowd out the good ones in our bones, and then these cells can spread throughout the body (American Cancer Society). Think of playing